![]() Saim Riaz, Riaz Hussain, Muhammad Adnan, Muhammad Usman Khan, Shabbir Muhammad, Junaid Yaqoob, Muhammad Usman Alvi, Muhammad Khalid, Zobia Irshad, Khurshid Ayub.This article is cited by 276 publications. We speculate that the differences in self-assembly arise from the strong influence of the BT acceptor and its orientation on the net dipole moment and geometric description of the chromophore. In contrast, blends of the BT-containing donor 4 are highly disordered and give PCEs below 0.2%. Compound 3, with an unsymmetrical orientation of PT heterocycles, shows subtle differences in the crystallization behavior and a best PCE of 3.2%. The best films, processed with the solvent additive 1,8-diiodooctane, show donor “crystallite” length scales on the order of 15–35 nm and photovoltaic power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 7.0 and 5.6%, respectively. The molecules with symmetric orientations of the PT acceptor, 1 and 2, yield highly ordered blended thin films. Using a combination of UV–visible spectroscopy, field-effect transistors, solar cell devices, grazing incident wide-angle X-ray scattering, and transmission electron microscopy, three PT-containing compounds ( 1– 3) with varying regiochemistry and symmetry, together with the BT-based compound 5,5′-bis-3,3′-di-2-ethylhexylsilylene-2,2′-bithiophene ( 4), are compared and contrasted in solution, in thin films, and as blends with the electron acceptor -phenyl-C 70-butyric acid methyl ester. ![]() The building blocks 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BT) and thiadiazolopyridine (PT) were used as the electron-deficient acceptor units A. These charge-transfer chromophores are described by a D 1-A-D-A-D 1 structure comprising electron-rich 2-hexylbithiophene and 3,3′-di-2-ethylhexylsilylene-2,2′-bithiophene moieties as the donor units D 1 and D, respectively. We examine the correlations of the dipole moment and conformational stability to the self-assembly and solar cell performance within a series of isomorphic, solution-processable molecules.
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